miles)e.g.
The discovery of new medicines (was/were) vitalto the company's growth.若不知道主语是否单复,就想是什么造成公司的上涨。肯定是一件事。所以是单数
(三)主语谓语中间[插入语]可以忽略的2种情况。
插入语:在主语和谓语之间插入一些说明的成分
1. 介宾短语中的名词不是主语可以忽略:(of,/for by,/in,/with/,at,/to,/on,/from +名词为介宾短语。)但若介宾短语前有“量”de修饰就另当别论,详见下面(七)
e.g. Near Galway, the houseson the road to Spiddle is/are gorgeous.
(NEAR Galway), the HOUSES (ONthe road TO Spiddle )ARE gorgeous.
2.前置短语可以忽略:在主语之前放一些修饰成分
EG: (when the auditors left), the executive (who hadbeen interviewed) was glad.
说明:从句始终只是句子中辅助的成分,类似大形容词,大名词或大副词
注意A:某些用动词-ing/动词-ed形势做形容词(有的用逗号来隔开)来修饰主语的,并不是真正谓语,可以忽略,
e.g. (Limping, )the horse (onceconsidered one of the favorites) was/were taken away.
注意B.一个句子中有多个动词和主语的,要找好对应关系,再判断单复数。
(四)
and 和表示“加”的词1
. and 连接几个不同的名词的时候构成复数结构,谓语动词要用复数。2
.其他连接性的词(along with, in addition to, as well as, togetherwith, including)虽然也表达“and”的意思,但是连接不同的名词,只是起着修饰的作用,不会改变主语的单复数,不影响谓语动词。e.g.
Joe,as well as his friends, IS going to the beach.
Mathematics, in addition tohistory and science, IS a required subject.
注:有且只有
“and”可以将单数主语改编成复数主语。其他添加伴随连接词(如2所示)的单数主语,依然是单数主语。
(五)
either or, neither nor1.
当either..or…/neither…nor..同时出现的时候——就近原则:谓语动词得单复数取决于离它最近的名词的单复数。EG: Neither the coach nor the players aregoing to the beach.
Neitherthe players nor the coach IS going to the beach.
2.
若仅仅只有either or neither, 没有or 、nor,则谓语动词一定要用单数
(六)
1,主语是集合性名词用单数:在GMAT中“集合性名词”一般被认为是单数名词,看做一个整体,跟单数谓语(不过这些词中除了citrus大家比较混淆,其他应该都没问题不用重点背它)People: agency, army, audience, class,committee, crowd (群众)orchestra(乐队), team
Items: baggage, citrus(橙类),equipment(设备), fleet(舰队/小河), fruit, furniture(家具)
2
, 一些表示学科的词(physics, mathematics)、一些活动-有氧运动(aerobics)和一些疾病-糖尿病(diabetes)水果柑橘(crtius)虽然以
S结尾,仍属于单数名词,谓语动词用单数。
e.g. The CROWD inthe stands IS cheering loudly as the home TEAM TAKESthe field.
OurARMY of a hundred thousand soldiers IS attackingthe enemy.
2,
主语是非限制性的代词,用单数.(你不用琢磨啥是非限定性,就记着下面这些次都是单数就好了)Anyone,anybody, anything,
noone, nobody, nothing,
each,every,
someone,somebody,something,
everyone,everybody,everything,
whatever,whoever
,either…or..;neither…nor..
(同时出现单复与它最近的名词一致;单独出现用单数)
(七)介宾短语前面有“量”的修饰的
2种情况。1
,大于1个的用复数。Eg. Three birds of the zoo were dead.2
,.特殊情况,“SANAM”:some,any,none,all,more/most,(part,half)1)
.Some of, all of, more/most of, part of ,half of ,谓语单复数。需要看介宾短语中的名词
EG: Some of
the money was stolen from mywallet.Some of the documents were stolenfrom the bank.
2)
.Any of , none of , not one of 谓语一定是单数。e.g.
Not one of my friends IS here this weekend.
(八)
each & every 两个词如果放在复数主语之前用单数,复数主语之后用复数EG: every dog and cat has paws. Theyeach are great tennis players.
(九)量词
A number of +
复数主语+复数谓语(a number of 可以看成是some/many)The number of +
复数/单数主语+单数谓语Majority
(多数)